摘要：抑郁、焦虑等负性情绪障碍已成为常见的公共卫生问题。运动干预因成本低、不良反应少而被视为重要的非药物治疗手段，但其对中枢情绪环路的作用机制尚未阐明。本文采用文献调研法，分析运动干预对情绪状态及情绪相关脑区的研究进展，以情绪加工所依赖的边缘-前额叶网络为主线，梳理运动对海马体、杏仁核、前额叶皮层等脑区结构与功能的可塑性影响，并结合单胺类递质与内源性大麻素、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴、脑源性神经营养因子与SIRT1信号以及运动因子和乳酸介导的神经炎症调节等通路，归纳运动改善情绪的可能机制；进而指出运动处方标准化、个体反应差异与基础-临床转化方面的不足，为后续机制研究提供参考。

[Abstract]Depression and anxiety are among the leading public health concerns worldwide. As a low-cost and well-tolerated non-pharmacological approach, exercise has been increasingly used as an adjunctive intervention for emotional disorders, yet its central mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This research based on literature review method, focusing on the limbic-prefrontal network that supports emotion processing, this review summarizes structural and functional neuroimaging evidence of exercise-induced plasticity in the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex. The underlying neurobiological pathways are further discussed, including monoaminergic and endocannabinoid transmission, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor and sirtuin 1 signaling, as well as exercise factor- and lactate-mediated neuroinflammation modulation. Gaps in the standardization of exercise prescription, individual differences in response, and the translation from basic findings to clinical practice are highlighted.